要素价格失衡与收入差距变化的动态关联研究

The Dynamic Relationship Study between the Imbalance of Factor Prices and the Variation of Income Gap

中国现阶段收入差距不断扩大已成为经济社会发展的梗阻,备受人们关注。本文运用要素价格理论和收入分配理论,采取定量与定性相结合的方法,探讨了中国近年收入差距逐年扩大的内在诱因,阐述了劳动价值被严重低估的现实情况,指出了要素价格失衡是导致收入差距扩大的重要根源。文章通过各要素价格与收入差距变化的动态关联研究,运用Granger检验对各生产要素价格变化与基尼系数进行因果实证分析,进一步验证了劳动报酬过低、地价和CEO收入偏高等要素价格失衡是导致收入差距逐年扩大的重要原因。

The widening income gap in China has become an obstruction in the develop- ment of the economy and the society, which attracts much concern. Applying the theo- ries of factor prices and income distribution, and by means of both quantitative and qual- itative methods, this paper discusses the inherent incentives which result in the broade- ning income gap in recent years. It explains the reality that the labor value has been se- riously underestimated, and then points out that the imbalance of factor prices is the major cause of the increasing gap. In addition, through the dynamic relationship study between factor prices and the variation of income gap, the paper applies Granger causali- ty test to empirically analyze the relationship between each production factor price and the Gini coefficient, and further verifies that, the imbalance of the factor prices, which include the low labor salary, the high land price and the high CEO＇s income, are the in- dispensable reasons for the increasing gap.