内科住院患者静脉血栓栓塞症的预防

Prevention of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized medical patients

现已明确,对有静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）高危风险的内科住院患者给予血栓预防措施可明确降低VTE的发病率和病死率。2009年我国颁布了＂内科住院患者静脉血栓栓塞症预防的中国专家建议＂〔1〕。2012年美国胸科医师学会颁布了血栓形成抗栓治疗和预防第9版指南〔2〕,此文对该指南中有关内科住院患者VTE预防的建议进行解读。

Venous thromboembolism （VTE） ,which encompasses deep vein thrombosis （DVT） and pulmona- ry embolism （PE） ,is a leading cause of mortality following hospitalization. 70% to 80% of inpatient deaths due to pulmonary embolism ocurr in medical patients. Identifying medical patients at risk for VTE and providing effective prophylaxis is now an important health care priority to reduce the burden of this morbid and sometimes fatal dis- ease. Pharmacologic prophylaxis is the mainstay of VTE prevention. Multiple scientific guidelines support VTE prophylaxis in medical patients.