某火力发电公司职业病危害因素的检测与评价

Detection and evaluation of occupational hazards in coal-fired power company

目的检测、评价某火力发电公司职业病危害因素及防护措施效果。方法采用职业卫生学调查、现场检测的方法分析该公司生产过程中存在的职业病危害因素。结果该公司工作场所存在的职业病危害因素是煤尘、噪声、一氧化碳、二氧化硫、一氧化氮、二氧化氮、氨、肼、氢氧化钠、盐酸和硫酸等。其中煤尘CSTEL最大值为86.33mg/m3,岗位CTWA最大值为17.36 mg/m3;噪声合格率为79.37%;有毒物质中二氧化硫CSTEL最大值为43.99 mg/m3,肼CSTEL最大值为0.37 mg/m3,其余有毒物质均符合国家职业卫生标准。结论该公司工作场所存在的主要职业病危害因素是煤尘、噪声和化学性有害物质,职业病危害控制措施基本可行,有效,但需加强煤尘、噪声和部分化学性有害物质的职业病危害控制措施。

Objective To detect and evaluate occupational hazards and occupational preventive measures on a coal -fired power company. Methods The methods of occupational hygiene investigation and field detection were conducted to analyze the occupational hazards in the production process. Results Occupational risk factors of the coal - fired power company in- eluded coal dust , noise, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide , nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, hydrazine, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and so on. Meanwhile, the maximum concentrations of STEL for coal dust were 86. 33 mg/m3 , the maximum concentrations of TWA for coal dust for individual were 17. 36 mg/m3 , the qualified rate of noise was 79. 37% , the maximum concentrations of STEL for sulfur dioxide and hydrazine were 43.99 mg/m3 and 0. 37 mg/m3 , the concentrations of the rest toxic chemical substances except sulfur dioxide and hydrazine complied with the national standard of occupational health. Conclusion The main occupational risk factors in the coal - fired power company are coal dust, noise and toxic chemical substances. It is feasible and effective for the company to adopt occupational protection measures, but it should be enhanced for the occupational hazards of coal dust, noise and small toxic chemical substances to control.