燕山山麓平原高产粮区长期施肥对作物产量和土壤肥力的影响

Effect of long-term fertilization on crop yield and soil fertility in the high yield area of plain at the foot of Yanshan

通过连续 8年长期定位试验 ,研究了不同施肥方式对燕山山麓平原高产粮区褐土土壤肥力和作物产量的影响。结果表明 ,褐土养分贮备及转化潜力较低 ,采用有机肥 (物 )料配施化肥 ,可明显提高土壤有机质和全量养分、速效养分含量 ,促进有机无机复合状况和腐殖质结合形态、腐殖质组成及其性质的改善 ,增强土壤酶群体活性 ,改善土壤水分及物理性质和微团聚体组成 ,较单施常量化肥具有极显著的增产作用。但在配施同量化肥条件下 ,不同有机肥 (物 )料培肥增产效果无显著差异。

A 8 years long term experiment was conducted on the high yield area of plain at the foot of Yanshan mountain. The results showed that the cinnamon soil is characterized by low storage and transformation potentiality of nutrition. Organic manure combined with chemical fertilizer remarkably raised the content of soil organic matter and total and available nutrients; improved soil organic inorganic complex and characteristics of humus, soil enzyme activity, soil moisture and physical characters ; and also increased crop yield compared with application of fertilizers. Long term application of chemical fertilizer alone, the contents of soil organic matter and total N were tended to decline, and poor characteristics of humus. Combined with equal rates of chemical fertilizer, the effects of different organic manure on soil fertility and crop yield was no significant.