胃肠营养化学感应及其生理效应

Gut Nutrient Chemosensing and Its Physiology Effects

胃肠化学感应(chemosensing)是指胃肠道内分泌细胞功能与内脏迷走神经元之间复杂的相互作用。胃肠道内分泌细胞监测到管腔内容物后,释放信号分子,激活神经纤维或其他靶目标,产生生理效应。本文综述了胃肠营养化学感应受体和信号转导途径,阐述了胃肠道内分泌细胞碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪的感应机制及其在激素分泌、摄食和黏膜防御调控中的作用。

Chemosensing in the gut represents a complex interplay between the functions of enteroendocrine cells and visceral afferent neurons. Enteroendocrine cells detect the luminal contents and release signaling mole- cules activating nerve fibers or other targets, and then triggering a range of physiology effects. This review summarized gut nutrient sensing receptors and transduction pathways, and focused on the sensing mechanisms of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids in enteroendocrine cells and their roles in the regulations of hormone se- cretion, food intake and mucosal defense.