战后美菲关系中的战争损失赔偿问题探析

An analysis on the problem of War damage compensation of relations between U.S. and the Philippines after WWⅡ

战争损失赔偿作为战后美菲关系中的一个重要问题,自提出之日起就受到菲律宾的重视并力求解决。对此,美国给予了回应并作出了赔偿,但不彻底,留下7300万美元未能支付。由于美国国内的党派纷争、政府关注重心的变化以及对菲律宾在接收赔偿后的经济状况和政府腐败的不满,使得对这一余额的赔偿历经十余年之久,直至肯尼迪时期才得以解决。它对美菲关系尤其是菲律宾的外交产生了深远的影响——开启了菲律宾对美菲关系的重新评估并形成客观认知的进程;加剧了菲律宾民族主义情感中的反美倾向;促进了菲律宾外交的"亚洲转向"。

War damage compensation was taken seriously and strove to solve by the Philippines since the date of the proposed, as an important issue in the post-war of U. S.--Philippine relations. In this regard, U.S. gave a response and had made the compensation, but not completely, leaving S 7300 millions for failing to pay. Due to the domestic partisan disputes of U. S. , changes in the government＇ s main concerns, and discontent to Philippines＇ economic condition after re- ceiving compensation and the corruption of their government, the balance of compensation was beyond ten years until the Kennedy period. It brought about profound influences on the relations of U. S. and Philippine, especially diplomacy of the Philippines, which opened the Philippines to reassess the U. S.--Philippine relations and the formation of objective cogni- tive process; exacerbated anti-American tendencies of nationalist sentiment in the Philippines; and promoted ＂the Asian o- rientation＂of the Philippines diplomacy.