当代经济人类学的财产研究

On Contemporary Researches of Property Rights in Economic Anthropology

财产概念是人文社会学科相当重要的研究领域。人类学者在20世纪80年代,逐渐开始讨论长久以来被忽略的财产概念,及其在不同文化下的多样性。除从传统的财产关系探讨社会关系之外,也新增财产本质、价值观、权力等面向的研究。回顾经济人类学的财产概念,并探讨财产关系与社会关系,将指出财产与非财产如同商品与非商品,不仅有文化和历史的差异,同时牵涉社会文化的道德信念以及对价值观的评价问题。

Property is an important research focus in humanines and social sciences. Anthropologists began in 1980s to discuss the concept of property which had been neglected for a long time and its diversified representations under different cultures. Apart from studies of social relations from the perspective of traditional property relationship, there are some new researches into the nature of property, values and power. After reviewing studies on the concept of proper-ty in economic anthropology and discussing property relationship and social rela-tionship, this paper points out that property and non-property, just like com-modity and non-commodity, not only are different in cultural and historical sen-ses, but also have to do with social and cultural moral belief and the evaluation of values.