亚麻粗纱细菌煮练工艺优化探讨

Study on optimizing bacteria scouring of flax roving

针对传统化学法亚麻粗纱煮练工艺对纤维损伤大、环境污染严重等问题,以及酶法脱胶成本较高这一瓶颈,以东海舟山海域取样腐烂海草为来源筛选出含果胶酶和木聚糖酶的纤维单胞菌(Cellulomonas sp)DA8菌株为菌种,以煮练后亚麻粗纱束纤维强力和细度为相应指标,通过正交试验优化了其菌液在碱性条件下进行亚麻粗纱生物煮练工艺。验证和对比结果表明,DA8菌液最佳煮练工艺为:初始pH值9,温度40℃,浴比1∶15,时间12 h,摇床转速200 r/min。其中煮练液初始pH值和温度对粗纱强力和细度影响较大。与未处理以及传统碱煮相比,煮练工艺优化条件下处理亚麻粗纱在纤维强力损伤较低的基础上提高了纤维细度和表面的光洁度,能够满足纺纱工艺要求。

Regarding to severe fiber damage and environment pollution in traditional chemical scouring of flax roving and higher costs of enzymatic scouring, an alkalophilic strain characterized as Cellulomonas sp DAB and obtained activities of petinase and xylanase was screened from the rotten wrack around Zhoushan archipelago sea area to achieve bio-scouring of the flax roving. The fineness and strength of bundle fiber were evaluated and the orthogonal experimental design of bacterial scouring. An optimum processing was obtained： the initial pH value 9.0, the scouring temperature was 40℃, liquor ratio was 1：15, degum time was 12 h and the shake speed was 200 r/min. The effect of initial pH value and scouring temperature on the fineness and strength of bundle fiber was higher. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） showed that the gum in the flax fiber treated by DA8 was mostly degraded, and the most smooth fiber surface was displayed, compared with fiber untreated and degummed by NaOH.