四种草本花卉的染色体核型分析

Karyotype Analysis of Four Herbaceous Flowers

采用常规制片方法对4种草本花卉的染色体数目、核型等进行了研究。结果分别为石竹(Diranthus chinensis)染色体数2n=14,核型公式为K(2n)=14=12 m+2 sm,其核型为"1A";裂叶花葵(Lavatera trimestrisLinn.)染色体数2n=14,核型公式为K(2n)=14=6 m+8 sm,核型为"2A";观赏椒(Capsicum frutescans)染色体数2n=24,核型公式K(2n)=24=24 m,核型为"1B";凤仙(Impatiens balsamina)染色体数2n=14,核型公式为K(2n)=2x=14=10 m+4 sm,核型为"1B"。此4种植物的染色体核型均为首次报道,可为花卉的良种选育和分类提供必不可少的依据。

In this paper, conven-tional pressed slice method was used to study chromosome number and karyotype of four herbaceous flowers. The results showed that Diranthus chinensis ： chromosome number 2n=14, karyotype formula K （ 2n ） = 14= 12 m＋2 sin, belonging to ＂1A＂ type ; Lavatera trimestris Linn ： chromosome number 2n=14, karyotype formula K （ 2n ） =14=6 m＋8 sm, belonging to ＂2A＂ type ; Capsicum frutescans ： chromosome number 2n=24, karyotype formula K （2n） =24=24 m, belonging to ＂IB＂ type ; Impatiens balsamina ： chromosome number 2n= 14, karyotype formula K （ 2n ） =2x= 14= 10 m＋4 sm, belonging to ＂1B＂ type. This is the first report of karyotype of these four flowers, and may help breeding and classification of flowers.