城镇化过程中慎重推进土地流转:国际经验及对中国的启示

Prudent Advancing Land Transfer in the Process of Urbanization:International Experience and Implications for China

快速城镇化是中国经济发展奇迹的重要引擎之一,但由此引发的用地矛盾日益突出。土地流转时机、土地分配格局与中等收入陷阱之间关系的国际经验表明,拉美国家及马来西亚的土地过度集中是产生收入分配不公和城市贫民窟现象、陷入中等收入陷阱的重要原因;日韩两国相对平均的土地分配虽然保障了经济的平稳快速发展,但农地细碎化限制农业的规模化经营。我国经济目前尚未达到日韩两国推进土地流转的发展时点,在城镇就业机会不充足、产业结构低端化的基本背景下,应审慎推进土地流转,避免陷入拉美等国因土地分配不公引发的中等收入陷阱。

Rapid urbanization is one of the important engines of China's economic development miracle,but the resulting land conflicts have become increasingly prominent.From the analysis of international experience of land circulation opportunity,the relationship between the pattern of land distribution and the middle-income trap,this paper found that excessive concentration of land in Latin American countries,and Malaysia is the main reason of the unequal distribution of income and the phenomenon of urban slums,falling into the middle-income trap,Japan and South Korea's relatively egalitarian distribution of land,protects steady and rapid development of the economy,but agricultural land fragmentation limits agricultural scale operation.This paper argues that our economy has not yet reached the development point in time of Japan and South Korea to promote the development of land transfer,under the basic context of inadequate urban employment opportunities and the low-end of the industrial structure,should advance land transfer prudently,to avoid falling into the middle-income trap caused by the unfair distribution of land in Latin America and other countries.