临床护士针刺伤后自我效能水平及其影响因素分析

Self-efficacy and influencing factors of clinical nurses with needlestick injuries

目的了解发生针刺伤临床护士自我效能状况及其相关影响因素，探讨提高临床护士自我效能的有效途径。方法采用便利及分层抽样相结合的方法，用一般资料问卷和自我效能感量表对713名发生过针刺伤的临床护士进行问卷调查。结果针刺伤后护士的自我效能感平均得分为（2．70±0．52）分，69．1％的护士具有中等水平的自我效能，仅19．1％的护士具有高水平的自我效能。性别、职称、科室、主动报告、职业环境、职业安全培训与针刺伤护士的自我效能水平显著相关。结论发生针刺伤的l临床护士自我效能大多数处于中等水平，有待进一步提高。应寻找其他影响针刺伤后护士自我效能的因素，以便针对其主要影响因素采取相应的管理措施，从而提高其自我效能。

Objective To investigate the level and influencing factors of self-efficacy among nurses with needlestick injuries and explore effective strategies to improve self-efficacy. Methods 713 clinical nurses with needlestick injuries had been enrolled by convenience and stratified sampling method to com- plete the investigation using the self-designed demographic questionnaire and General Self-Efficacy Scale. Results The average score of the self-efficacy was （2.70±0.52） points. 69.1% of the needlestick injury nurses had the self-efficacy score at the middle level; only 19.1% of them had a higher level score on self-efficacy. Gender, title, section, initiative report, work environment, and occupational safety training were identified as the influencing factors of the self-efficiency. Conclusions Even though more than half of the nurses with needlestick injuries had a middle level self-efficacy, they need further improvement. Other influencing factors should be explored in future in order to develop the corresponding management inter- vention which can strengthen the self-effieacy of nurses with needlestick injuries.