投射系统研究——以《爱丽丝奇境漫游记》中的言语分析为例

Study of Projection System:An Analysis of the Speeches in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland

本研究采用文本定性和定量分析结合的方法,从投射层次、模式和言语功能三个子系统角度对《爱丽丝奇境漫游记》主人公的言语过程和心理过程进行分析,以揭示小说的"童心"和"童话"魅力以及投射系统所体现出的描述力。投射层次分析发现,话语动词呈现出动词连续体模式,形成不同级差的童话。投射模式分析表明,四种中间投射模式与其他常规模式一起形成投射模式连续体,展示出儿童话语、内心思想的表述自由度及作者介入的程度。言语功能分析发现,作者采用了包括在命题和提议下的、广泛的次范畴言语功能。本研究表明,作者对爱丽丝的话语和心理描写采用直接投射和多模式连续体投射方法,它们是分析童话人物的言语和心灵世界的有效手段。

Through a combination of qualitative and quantitative studies, this study analyzed Alice＇s speech and mental processes in Alice＇s Adventures in Wonderland from the perspective of three sub-systems：projecting levels, modes and speech functions to uncover the charm of the childiy mentality and discourse as well as the descriptive capability of projecting theory. The study of projecting levels finds that a verb cline is demonstrated in dis- cursive verbs, formulating a hierarchy of childly speech; The study of projecting modes shows that four intermediate modes, together with other conventional ones, form a projection continu- um to display the degree of freedom in child＇s speech, inner- world embodiment and the degree of the author＇s intruding;The study of speech functions indicates that the author uses extensive sub-categories of speech functions including those under propo- sitions and proposals. This study shows that the author adopts direct projection and multi-model continuum projection both in Alice＇s speech and mental description, which are effective means to explore the discourse and mental world of characters in fairytales.