另一种认知图式冲突造成的沟通障碍——从新的角度看《奥立安娜》中的人物关系

Another Kind of Conflict in Cognitive Schema:A New Approach to Characterization and Character Relationship in Oleanna

长期以来《奥立安娜》一剧很受批评界的关注,而两个主角间的冲突是批评的焦点。本文在借鉴Schank动态记忆图式理论的基础上,指出了人物之间一种以往被忽略的、复杂的认知图式冲突。从这一新角度切入,可看到女主角话语中的深层连贯性;更重要的是,可以看到该剧人物冲突的根源之一在于认知方式差异,即女主角的"跨域回忆"和独特的"交易"-"教育"图式映射与男主角缺乏自省,甚至虚伪的"人文主义教育"图式应用之间的冲突,构成了该剧的深层矛盾冲突。本文的分析不仅有助于看清该剧人物之间的关系,而且也有助于补充和丰富认知文体学界对认知图式冲突的认识。

For a long time, the female protagonist Carol in Olean- na has attracted much critical attention, and the conflict between the two protagonists in Oleanna has been a hot topic of critical discussion. Drawing on the model of Schank＇s dynamic memory theory ,this paper directs attention to a neglected kind of compli- cated conflict in cognitive schema between the characters. The a- nalysis from this new angle reveals the underlying coherence in Carol＇s discourse, and more importantly, brings to light the difference in the two protagonists＇ ＂cognition modes＂ as an im- portant source of their deep conflict,namely, Carol＇s ＂cross-do- main reminding＂ and idiosyncratic mapping from ＂trade＂ to ＂education＂ schemata and John＇s unreflective and even hypo- critical exploitation of ＂humanist education＂ schema. The analy- sis not only sheds light on the relationship between the protago- nists in the play, but also complements and enriches the under- standing of cognitive schema conflict in cognitive stylistics.