美国留学生汉语声调感知的左右耳优势

Lateralization of Chinese Lexical Tone Perception by American Students Learning Chinese as a Second Language

研究通过双耳分听实验考察了不同汉语水平的美国留学生感知汉语声调的左右耳优势,发现:初级水平学习者的感知是双耳平衡的,中级水平的学习者则表现出一定程度的右耳优势;同时,无论是初级还是中级水平的学习者之间均存在较大的个体差异。研究还发现双耳分听时声调感知的右侧化指数和非双耳分听时的词语再认成绩之间存在显著相关。研究结果说明部分美国留学生能够在语言优势半球建立起声调独立的音位表征,从而使声调在词汇加工中承担重要作用;但也有学习者即使到中级水平对声调的感知也主要依靠声学语音学信息而非音位信息,表现出声调加工能力发展的"化石化"。

Lateralization of Chinese lexical tone perception by American students learning Chinese as a second language was investigated by using a dichotic listening paradigm. There was no significant ear preference for the elementary learners, the intermediate learners, however, revealed significant right ear preference. At the same time, there was great individual variability in lateralization for learners of both levels. It was also found that lateralization index predicted learners＇ performance in the word recognition task. These results show that some American students can develop phonological representations of lexieal tones which play important roles in word processing, while others can only use acoustic/phonetic information in tone perception, indicating fossilization in the processing of lexical tones.