月尘静电迁移研究进展

Electrostatic Transportation of Lunar Dust:A Review

月尘的静电悬浮和迁移是Apollo时期留下的最有争议的问题之一.其既是研究月球表面物质演化历史的重要线索,也是探月工程必须考虑的重要因素.月尘在月表环境下易因电子附着、光电效应、二次电子发射等过程带电,并在月球全球性静电场作用下发生迁移运动.但目前对月尘静电迁移过程的认识还不全面,其主要原因在于对月尘静电特性的了解不够准确,对静电迁移过程的地面模拟不够充分以及对月球尘埃环境的探测较为缺乏.未来需进一步开展模拟月尘的研制,月尘静电特性的分析,静电迁移过程模拟以及尘埃环境的探测等工作.

Electrostatic levitation and transportation of lunar dust had been one of the most inter- esting and controversial problems since the Apollo era. It is not only significant clues to study the evolution of lunar surface material, but also a key factor which should be considered in lunar mission. On lunar surface, the dust grains are electrostatically charged by electron deposition, photoemission, and secondary electron emission. With the charge processes, an electrostatic field might be formed on lunar near-surface. As a result, dust grains could be lifted. However, the electrostatic levitation and transportation process of lunar dust grains are still not clear. Shortage in comprehension of electrostatic properties of lunar dust grains, simulation of electrostatic levitation and transportation, and landing detection of lunar dust environment might be the main factors which limit the further knowledge of electrostatic levitation and transportation of lunar dust grains. To satisfy the need of lunar science and future lunar missions, development of lunar dust simulant, measurement of electrostatic properties of lunar dust, simulation of electrostatic levitation and transportation, and detection of lunar dust environment are important aspects in the study of lunar dust in the future.