药用石斛规模化种植中的病害问题及防治策略

Occurrence situation and control strategy of Dendrobium diseases in large-scale farming system

近年来药用石斛种植产业在浙江、云南、安徽、贵州等省发展迅速,逐渐进入规模化生产。随着种植年限的增加和种植面积的扩大,人工栽培过程中的病害问题日益凸现,并有逐渐加重的趋势。该文结合文献报道及实地调研,对我国目前石斛种植中病害的种类、发病规律、地区差异、防治措施等进行综述,根据病害发生特点及影响流行的因素,指出当前生产中石斛病害防治中存在的问题,阐明病害在石斛种植产业发展中的制约作用。提出加强基础研究,建立石斛种质抗病评价方法,以调节设施栽培环境等农业措施为重点,配合农药的合理使用的病害综合防治策略。

Artificial cultivation medical Dendrobium flourished quickly and gradually developed in a streamlined production in large scale in Zhejiang, Yunnan, Anbui, Guizhou et al provinces in recent years. As the growing years being extended and area ex- panded, plant disease is a growing issue and became even worse. In the current review, we summarized the available studies and the investigation in those areas on disease kinds, regular patterns, area specificity, and prevention solutions and so on. We elucidated the limitations of plant disease on medical Dendrobium planting industry development, and provided some suggestions in prevention strategy depending on the occurrence characteristics and epidemic factors. Strengthening basic research, appropriate field management and reasonable utilization of pesticide are the key part of disease integrated management.