雄蚕蛾营养活性成分的提取方法及工艺条件优化

Extraction Method and Process Optimization for Nutritional Active Ingredients from Male Silkworm Moths

为高效提取雄蚕蛾的营养活性成分,在比较不同方法提取雄蚕蛾营养活性成分的效果基础上,通过单因素试验优化乙醇提取雄蚕蛾粉营养活性成分的工艺条件。结果表明:以饲养雄蚕品种获取的雄蚕蛾为原料,采用乙醇浸泡30 d的提取方法,可溶性固形物、可溶性蛋白、总酚和总黄酮的溶出率最高;自制雄蚕蛾粉采用超声波辅助乙醇提取30 min后,上述营养活性物质的溶出率次之,而用乙醇直接提取的溶出率最低。优化乙醇提取雄蚕蛾粉营养活性成分的工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数45%,原料质量浓度50 g/L,提取时间30 min,提取温度70℃。虽然采用乙醇浸泡雄蚕蛾的方法溶出的营养活性物质最多,但以雄蚕蛾粉为原料,采用优化的乙醇浸提工艺技术更适用于规模化生产雄蚕蛾营养活性物质。

In order to extract nutritional active ingredients from male silkworm moths efficiently, the effects of different methods on extraction of nutritional active ingredients from male silkworm moths were compared and process condition was optimized for ethanol extraction of male silkworm moth powder nutritional active ingredients by single factor experiment. The results indicated that the dissolution rates of soluble solids, soluble protein, total phenolics, and total flavonoids were the highest when the male silkworm moths self-prepared from rearing male silkworm variety were extracted by ethanol soaking for 30 d. The dissolution rates of above nutritional active ingredients ranked the second when self-prepared male silkworm moth powder was extracted using ultrasound-assisted ethanol method for 30 min, The dissolution rates were the lowest when direct ethanol extraction method was used. The optimized process condition for ethanol extraction of male silkworm moth powder nutritional active ingredients was as follows, ethanol volume fraction 45%, material mass concentration 50 g/L, extraction time 30 min, and extraction temperature 70 ℃. These results show that the highest dissolution rates of nutritional active ingredients were gained when male silkworm moths were extracted by ethanol soaking. However, the optimized process condition for ethanol extraction from male silkworm moth powder was more suitable for scale production of nutritional active substance from male silkworm moths.