汉语“吃”类词组合模式衍生机制

The Development of Composition Mode of the Chinese Verbs: Case of the Word Type of "吃"

汉语动词发展至今,已经突破了起初的语义、语法、语用的范围和功能,组合模式已经扩展,其后的宾语,语义、语法关系也出现了多种情况。"吃"类词,是汉语最基本的词汇,构成较完善,成员语义分布较细致,组合能力强,语义、语法、语用的演变程度最大,其现代用法,是历时演变在共时层面的留存,分析其搭配模式,可窥见动词语义语法扩展的路径及变化机制。

Since the development of Chinese verbs, it has broken through the original semantic, grammatical and pragmatical scope and function. Its composition mode has expanded, the semantic and grammatical relationships of the following object has appeared in several conditions. The word type of ＂吃＂ is the basic words, its composition is comparatively perfect, the semantic distribution is relatively distinct, it has a strong composing capacity. Its semantic, grammatical and pragmatical aspects has evolved mostly. Its current usage is the diachronic development on the synchronic time, to analyze its combination modes can enable us explore and know the ways and changing mechanism of its semantic and grammatical development.