恩格斯晚年思想转向原因再探

Exploring Causes of Engels' Thought Direction in His Late Years

恩格斯晚年思想的重大变化源自资本主义社会生产力迅猛发展和国际工人运动推动下民主共和国的民主制度有了显著的进步,特别是普选制的发展,使人们看到了终有一天工人阶级有可能获得多数票而上台执政。在思想界各种学说只有经过冲撞才能融合,这也促进了恩格斯对马克思主义的补充、修正和完善。可见马克思主义是一种与时俱进的、与发展中的现实生活始终保持一致的学说。列宁没有重视恩格斯晚年对马克思主义的基本理论和革命运动的战略和策略作出重大补充和修正,反而给予了曲解,造成了严重的后果,最终导致前苏联的剧变,历史已证明了恩格斯晚年的思想转向是符合世界进步潮流的,而列宁与之相反的思想却在实践中遭受挫折。

The great change of Engels＂ thought in his late years originated from the rapid development of the soeial productive forces of capitalism and the significant progress of the democratic system of the Democratic Republic under the pushing of the international workers＂ movement, especially the development of the universal suffrage, which made people see that the working class might one day get the majority votes and come to power. Only after the collision, all kinds of theories in ideological circle could merge, which also promoted Engels to supplement, amend and improve Marxism. Therefore, Marxism is a kind of doctrine advancing with the times, maintaining a consistent relation with the development of the real--life. Lenin did not attach importance to Engels＂ significant additions and amendments in his later years to the basic theory of Marxism and the strategy and tactics of the revolutionary movement, hut gave misinterpretation, resulting in serious consequences, and ultimately led to the upheavals of the former Soviet Union. The history has proven that Engels＇s thought direction in his late years is in line with the trend of world progress, but Lenin＇s contrast ideas undergo setbacks in practice.