一种剪切式磁流变车削减振器的设计与减振试验

Design and test of a shear type MR damper for turning vibration suppression

将智能材料——磁流变液应用于外圆车削振动控制的研究中。针对普通CA6140车床的结构,通过结构设计、磁路设计研制了一种剪切模式的磁流变车削减振器。建立了基于磁流变减振器的车削系统动力学模型,并通过仿真验证了减振效果。利用有限元法对减振器的磁路进行了优化,优化后磁路面积相对初始设计减小24%,使减振器结构更紧凑,且磁场在非磁流变区域的损耗减小,从而提高了减振器的工作效率。建立外圆车削减振试验系统来对磁流变减振器的减振效果进行试验研究,结果表明减振器可以对车削振动进行有效地控制。

The smart material so called magnetorheological （MR） fluid was applied in the study on vibration suppression of cylindrical turning. According to the framework of a common lathe CA6140, a shear type MR damper for turning vibration suppression was developed by designing its structure and magnetic circuit. Dynamic model of the turning system with the MR damper was set up and its effect of suppressing turning vibration was proved with simulation. Then, by optimizing the magnetic circuit of the damper based on finite element method, the area of the magnetic circuit decreased by 24% compared with that of the original design, it made the damper more compatible. Also, since the consumption of magnetic field in non-MR fluid region declined, the working efficiency of the damper was enhanced. Finally, the suppressing vibration test system was set up to verify the effect of the damper. It was shown that the MR damper can suppress the machining vibration apparently.