长链非编码RNA在生殖领域的研究进展

Advances in research of long noncoding RNAs in the field of reproduction

长链非编码RNA(IncRNAs)是一类转录本长度大于200 nt的RNA,它们通常不编码蛋白。与微小RNA(miRNA)、小干扰RNA(SiRNA)等其它非编码RNAs的作用方式不同的是,lncRNAs可以在多种层面上(表观遗传调控、转录调控以及转录后调控等)实现对基因表达的调控。在生殖领域,随着定向诱导基因组局部突变技术(tilling technology)和二代测序技术的发展,已发现部分lncRNAs与X染色体失活、配子成熟、胚胎发育等生物学事件及部分生殖系统疾病密切关联。本文将就lncRNAs在生殖领域的研究现状进行综述。

Long noncoding RNAs（lncRNAs）is a group of non protein coding transcripts, which are longer than 200 nucleotides. Unlike other noneoding RNAs, such as miRNAs and siRNAs, lncRNAs can regulate gene expression in multiple levels including epigenetic regulation, transcriptional regulation and post-transcriptional regulation. With the development of tiling chip technology and second-generation sequencing technology, several lncRNAs related to the reproduction have been found to be closely associated with X chromosome inactivation, gamete maturation, embryonic development and part of the reproductive system related diseases. This article reviews the present research status of lncRNAs in reproduction.