栽培措施对建兰品种“黄金小神童”幼苗生长的影响

Effects of Cultivation Measures on Seedling Growth of Mature Cymbidium Golden Elf ‘Sundust’

为了研究不同处理对建兰品种"黄金小神童"新芽萌发和生长能力的影响,以3年生组培苗为试验材料,进行不同光照条件、不同补光时间、控水、延迟夜间低温、不同施肥措施和不同激素处理等设施栽培试验。结果表明:在棚内自然变温条件下(5-35℃),光照、补光时间、施肥方法、氮磷钾比例和激素种类均对花芽萌发和花梗伸长生长影响较大;在花芽分化前期(5-6月)提高磷钾肥的比例,可使盛花期较对照处理(施用均肥)提前60d;在8-9月喷施20～30mg/L的赤霉素,能促进花芽萌发和花梗伸长生长,花芽萌发率可达60%以上,对盛花期无影响。

In order to explore the effects of different treatments on bud germination and growth potential of Cymbidium Golden Elf ＇Sundust＇, a facility cultivation experiment was conducted taking three years old tissue culture seedlings of Cymbidium Golden Elf Sundust＂ as experimental materials,which were treated with different illumination, different supplementary illumination time, water control, low temperature delaying in night, different fertilization and different hormone measures. Under natural temperature condition in greenhouse（5~35℃）, the results showed that it had significant impacts on bud germination and pedicel elongation growth to apply different illumination, different supplementary illumination time, fertilization method, NPK proportion and hormone varieties. Enhancing NPK proportion in bud pre-differentiation stage could bring the full-bloom stage forward by 60 days compared with CK. Spraying 20~30 mg/L gibberellins from August to September could promote bud germination and pedicel elongation growth, the bud germination rate would be over 60% and had no influence on fullbloom stage.