Buforin Ⅱ衍生肽的分子设计、结构分析及活性研究

Molecular design, structural analysis and bactericidal activity of derivatives of antimicrobial peptide Buforin Ⅱ

在Buforin Ⅱ衍生肽BF2-A的结构特征基础上,重新设计新抗菌肽BF2-X。BF2-X是将BF2-A的N-端保持不变,在第10位精氨酸上接入一个3次重复的α-螺旋序列RLLR,并将第8位上的缬氨酸用亮氨酸取代。生物信息学分析表明,与BF2-A相比,BF2-X的正电荷增加,疏水性比例提高,螺旋度增加,同时两亲性也增强。化学合成后经圆二色谱检测表明,BF2-A/X在水相中是一种无规则卷曲结构,当置于模拟细胞膜疏水环境的50%三氟乙醇中时,BF2-A/X会被诱导成α-螺旋结构,并且BF2-X的α-螺旋含量明显高于BF2-A。抑菌试验表明BF2-X对细菌以及真菌都具有广谱抗菌活性,BF2-X对细菌的抗菌活性要比BF2-A强。BF2-X的α-螺旋含量的提高可能与抗菌活性的增强有直接的关系。BF2-A/X对小鼠红血球不具有体外溶血活性。

A novel peptide, named BF2-X, was designed based on the structure-activity analysis of an analogue of Buforin II, named BF2-A. The BF2-X was a hybrid peptide containing the N-terminal residues 5 to 13 of BF2-A and three repeats of the C-terminal regular a-helical motif RLLR, and the residues 8 valine were replaced by leucine. The results of bioinformatics analysis had showed that compared with BF2-A, the helicity, positive charge, hydrophobicity rate and C-terminal amphipathy of BF2-X had remarkably enhanced. Both peptides showed a random coil structure in an aqueous solution, while displaying a typical a-helical structure in 50% trifluoroethanol solution （a membrane mimic condition）. BF2-X exhibited higher a-helical contents than BF2-A in hydrophobic environment. BF2-X displayed potent antimicrobial activities against a broad spectrum of microorganisms. And BF2-X showed stronger antimicrobial activities against bacteria tested than parent peptide BF2-A. These results suggest that the a-helical content was directly correlated with the enhanced antibacterial activity. Both peptides had no hemolytic action on mouse erythrocyte.