冬虫夏草的性状和显微鉴定研究

Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of Chinese Caterpillar Fungus

冬虫夏草是我国名贵中药材。随着资源锐减等原因,市场上非正品及伪制品不断增多,而目前缺乏较为科学准确的性状和显微鉴别研究。本文在实地调查基础上,通过对自采样品和馆存标本的研究,应用性状和显微鉴定法,着重从虫体部位特征入手,参考昆虫学相关文献,对冬虫夏草子座长出方式、环纹及分节、足及毛片等性状特征和体壁显微鉴别特征进行了详细的研究和科学的描述,首次提出虫体腹足趾部趾钩的显微鉴别特征。结果表明上述特征为冬虫夏草规律性稳定性的鉴别特征,应用性状和显微鉴别方法可以较为准确地鉴定冬虫夏草,为市场的监督检验和标准增修订提供科学依据,同时也为其他非正品的鉴别研究及粉末和制剂的检验提供参考。

Chinese Caterpillar Fungus （CCF） is one of the rare Chinese traditional drugs. As the resource is reducing sharply, the price is rising higher and higher, and there have been much more adulterants in the markets, but until now we don＇t have a scientific and accurate research on the identification study for this drug. On the basis of resource investigation, during the study of the samples collected by ourselves and the specimens stored in the museum, using the macroscopic and microscopic methods, referring to the literatures of entomology, emphasizing on the characteristics of polypide part, we have studied this species in detail of the macroscopic characters such as the insertion position of the stroma part, the annulations and segments of the caterpillar, the abdominal leg, the pinaculum, and the microscopic characters of the body wall; firstly added the microscopic character of the crotchets on the planta of abdominal leg. The result turned out that the characters which we have studied are regular and stable, and it have laid the foundation for the powder products and patent medicines which have used the crude drug of CCF.