摘要
目的 分析和讨论以泌尿道扩张和积水为表现的尿崩症的临床特点和诊治，以提高泌尿科、肾脏科和内分泌科相关专科医生对此特殊情况的认识。方法 分析和总结以“泌尿道扩张和积水”为主诉、最后确诊为尿崩症、经对症导尿和抗利尿治疗后缓解的患者3例；复习和汇总1994年后类似病例报道共78例，分析讨论其临床特点、临床诊治注意事项、讨论可能机制及预后相关因素。结果 尿崩症继发泌尿道扩张和积水多见于男性（男∶女为2.3∶1）、起病年龄早（〈10岁者占94.9%）、未诊治病程长、可见于中枢性或肾性尿崩症；尿流动力学检测显示非梗阻性泌尿系扩张和积水、最大尿流率并无降低。结论 抗利尿治疗，联合早期短时导尿消除残余尿可有效改善尿崩症所致的泌尿道扩张和积水。
Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of the patients with diabetes insipidus who presented with dilatation and hydronephrosis of urinary tract. Methods Three cases with diabetes insipidus who presented with dilatation and hydronephrosis of urinary tract were reported. 78 similar case-reports published since 1994 were reviewed, and the possible mechanisms and the prognosis-related factors were discussed. Results The onset-age in most patients was younger than 10, while the disease course prior to the diagnosis was longer than 10 years. There were hypothalamic and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. The urodynamic examination showed the features of non-obstructive distention and hydronephrosis of urinary tract with normal maximum flow rate in most patients. Conclusion The medication for diabetes insipidus and reducing the residual volume by urethral catheterization for a short term are effective for most patients with this condition.
出处
《中华内分泌代谢杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期130-134,共5页
Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
关键词
尿崩症
尿潴留
肾积水
Diabetes insipidus
Urine retention
Hydronephrosis
