社会心理因素与老年女性冠心病患者生活质量的相关性研究

Relationship Between Social-psycological Factors and Quality of Life in Old Women with Coronary Heart Disease

目的研究抑郁情绪、社会支持以及睡眠质量是否影响60岁以上绝经后女性冠心病患者的生活质量,为老年女性冠心病患者开辟新的治疗途径。方法收集125例经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠心病的老年(60岁以上绝经后)女性患者的一般资料,并采用问卷的方式进行西雅图心绞痛量表、ZUNG抑郁自评量表(SDS)、社会支持量表以及匹兹堡睡眠指数量表(PQSI)测试。采用logistic回归分析法分析患者的生活质量与一般社会因素的关系,Spearman相关性分析方法分析患者的生活质量与抑郁情绪、社会支持及睡眠质量的相关性。结果有效问卷120份,合格率96%(120/125)。回归分析结果显示:婚姻状态(OR=2.450)、收入(OR=19.541)、受教育程度(OR=0.520)以及病程(OR=0.309)与老年女性冠心病患者生活质量有关(P<0.05);Spearman相关性分析结果显示:抑郁自评得分、睡眠指数与西雅图心绞痛量表评分呈负相关(r=-0.771,P<0.01;r=-0.703,P<0.05),社会支持量表评分与西雅图心绞痛量表评分呈正相关(r=0.565,P<0.05)。结论社会心理因素对于绝经后的老年女性冠心病患者的生活质量存在相关性,因此在对该类患者治疗时,不仅要考虑常规控制生物学危险因素,更要评估社会心理因素对预后的影响。

Objective To investigate the influence of depression, social supports and quality of sleep and quality of life on old women who were 60 years or older and postmenopause with coronary heart disease. Methods 125 old women with coronary heart disease completed questionnaires of Seattle Angina Questionnaire （SAQ）, Social Support Scale （SSRS） and Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）. Logistic regression analysis and Spearman correlation analysis were performed to evaluate the relationship between social-psycological factors and quality of life. Results 120 of questionnaires wereeffective （representing 96% of all collected questionnaires）. Regression analysis showed that marital status （OR=2. 450）, education （OR=0. 520）, income （OR= 19. 541） and course of disease （OR=0. a09） were associated with QOL in CHD （P〈0.05）. Spearman analysis demonstrated that there were negative correlations between SQA score and PSQI and depression scores （r= --0. 771, P〈0. 01; r= --0. 703,P〈0.05）; and positive correlation between SQA score and Social support score （r=0. 565,P〈0.05）. Conclusion Social-psychological factors might influence the quality of life in old women with coronary heart disease, it is important that physicians pay attention to these factors when they treat old women with coronary heart disease.