活性氧影响骨重建在骨质疏松发病中的作用

Effect of reactive oxygen species on bone remodeling in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis

骨重建是成年骨组织改建的主要形式,同时受生物力学因素和非生物力学因素调控。机体内活性氧产生和清除失衡会造成氧化应激,在此状态下活性氧作为非生物力学因素参与调控的骨重建与骨质疏松的发生有密切关系。活性氧损伤骨细胞转导力学信号的能力,上调骨重建阈值,导致骨组织已经习惯的力学刺激不足以维持骨量,而发生废用型骨重建。同时,在更新骨质和修复微损伤时,活性氧抑制成骨细胞分化和骨形成,促进破骨细胞形成和骨吸收,导致负性骨重建。总的效应是骨量逐年丢失,伴随骨结构逐渐退行性变,骨质疏松随年龄的增加而加重。

Bone remodeling, regulated by both biomechanical and non-biomechanical factors, is the major form of bone tissue reconstruction in adults. The state of oxidative stress results from imbalaneed generation and elimination of reactive oxygen species （ROS）. Under ＂this state, ROS is closely related with the development of osteoporosis and the regulation of bone remodeling as a non - biochemical factor. ROS can impair the ability of mechanical transduction of osteocytes, up-regulate the threshold of bone remodeling. As the result bone mass cannot be maintained by the mechanics stimuli accustomed in bone tissue, and the disuse-mode of bone remodeling occurs. Meanwhile, during the updating of bone mass and the repairing of micro-damage, ROS can inhibit the differentiation of osteoblasts and bone formation, whereas promote the formation of osteoclasts and bone absorption, resulting in a negative bone remodeling In conclusion, the effect of ROS on bone remodeling results in gradual bone loss and bone micro-architectural deterioration year by year. Osteoporosis exacerbates along with the increase of age.