白云鄂博矿区土壤重金属污染地球化学评价

Pullution assessments of heavy metals in soils in the mining area of Bayan Obo

对白云鄂博矿区土壤重金属Cr、Cu、Zn、Pb、Mn、Co、Ni和As元素进行了分析,按照地累积指数法和富集因子法,采用内蒙古土壤几何平均值为背景值标准进行了评价.研究结果表明:白云鄂博矿区周围采集的样品中所研究的8种重金属平均含量均高于背景值,其中污染最严重的Zn、Pb、Mn 3种元素含量分别为背景值的5.1倍、9.0倍和6.3倍.地累积指数及富集因子显示出白云鄂博的矿山开采、运输等活动导致表层土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb、Mn元素含量的大量增加,Cr、Co、Ni、As受到人类活动影响程度较小.

The Analysis of pollutions by heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Mn, Co, Ni and As in the mining area of Bayan Obo were carried out, according to the methods of geoaccumula- tion index and enrichment factor, and using the geometry average of Inner Mongolia soil heavy metal element as soil background value. The results show the following：the average contents of the eight kinds of heavy metal elements in the 11 samples of soil from the mining area of Bayan Obo is higher than the soil background value, and the contents of Zn,Pb and Mn in some samples are higher than the soil background value 5.1 times, 9.0 times and 6.3 times. Some human activi- ty like mining, or hauling can cause Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn content greatly increase in surface soil, and have less effect on the contents of Cr, Co, Ni, As elements.