从尹湾汉简武库集簿看西汉对武库的掌控

The Yin Wan Han Arsenal Collection and the Arsenal Control of West Han Dynasty

尹湾汉简的《武库永始四年兵车器集簿》所记载的兵车器数量庞大,种类齐全。弩是汉代技术最先进、用量最大的主力武器。西汉在长安和洛阳、北边郡、内郡都建有储存军事装备的武库,直属中央管辖。集薄所记武库是西汉政府建在内郡的直属中央的国家武库。西汉武库不仅有充足的经济保障,而且有严格的管理体系,同时还有军事博物馆的功能。西汉对中央和地方武库的严格掌控,是皇帝独占武力的一种手段,也是弱化地方势力、防止民众谋反、强化中央集权的表现。

Yin Wan Han bamboo slips The Collection of Arsenal Vehicles in Yongshi Fourth Year recorded a large number of vehicles, at full range. The crossbow was the most advanced important weapon. The West Han Dynasty had stored military arsenals, directly under the central jurisdiction in Changan and Luoyang, the North County. The arsenal recorded was built by the government as the central national arsenals. The arsenal with a strict management system served not only as adequate economic guarantee, but also functioned as military museums. The strict control of West Han Dynasty on the central and local arsenals was a means of the emperor to keep the exclusive power, to weaken local forces, prevent people＇s rebellion and strengthen centralized manifestation.