从乳制品看我国的关税保护

Tariff Protection in China from the Perspective of Dairy Products

2010年卫生部制定的乳业新国标显示我国乳业标准属全球最低。近年我国乳制品存在各种问题,于是国人纷纷不惜选择高价进口乳制品。进口乳制品价格昂贵的一个重要原因是因为当中包含了高额的关税。关税具有保护国内产业及经济发展的作用,但若一种国产的生活必需品质量低下并且已经严重影响到国民健康时,高额关税的设置又究竟是保护了谁的利益。以我国进口乳制品关税税率为切入,利用关税内生化理论分析了我国高额关税形成的原因,通过分析和比较其他国家和地区的关税税率调整机制,最后得出关税税率的调整绝不应当脱离全国人大的监督而由行政机关一手包办的结论,并给出了相应的解决思路。

According to the new national standard regulated by Ministry of Public Health in 2010 to the dairy industry,there have been so many,Chinese standard the minimum in the world. In re- cent years our country food safety accidents in Chinese dairy industry that a lot of people choose to buy expensive imported dairy products. The high price of imported dairy products partly results from the high tariffs. Tariff itself is to protect domestic industry and economic development, but when the sub-standard life necessaries made in China have seriously affected the people＇s health, we wonder whose intevests are protected by high tariffs. This paper,with the tariff rate of impor- ted dairy products as the breakthrough point, analyzes the reasons for the formation of high tariffs by means of endogeous tariff theory, and through the analysis and comparison of the tariff rate ad- justment mechanism in other countries and regions, finally draws the conclusion that tariff rate adjustment should by supervised by the National People＇s Congress instedd of being monopolized by administrative organs and gives the corresponding solution.