基于模糊层次分析法的产品可用性评价方法

Product Usability Evaluation Method Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

为提高产品设计的可用性水平,将用户的主观感受作为可用性的重要评价指标,把可用性分为外观可用性、感知可用性和绩效可用性,提出基于模糊层次分析法的产品可用性评价方法,并以手机为例进行研究。构建可用性评价的指标体系,选择6款有代表性的手机作为试验样本,邀请36名被试,采用被试间试验设计的方法测试样本的可用性,依据测试结果计算隶属度,由隶属度分析样本存在的可用性问题。建立可用性最优的模糊层次分析模型,根据隶属度确定模糊评判矩阵,并设定外观可用性、感知可用性以及绩效可用性之间的权重。求解样本的可用性分数,对其进行去模糊化处理,并以平均值和标准差对样本的可用性进行排序和评价。研究结果表明该方法能有效地发现产品存在的可用性问题,并能对可用性进行定量评价。

In order to improve the usability level of product design, user＇s subjective experience is taken as an important evaluation index of usability, and usability is divided into apparent usability, perceived usability, and performing usability. Product usability evaluation method based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process （FAHP） is proposed, and the mobile phones are used as a case study. Evaluation index system is established. Six representative mobile phones are selected as experimental samples, and 36 subjects are invited to participate. A between-subjects experimental design method is adopted to test the usability of the samples. According to the test results, the membership degrees are computed, which can be used to analyze the problems existing in the experimental samples. The FAHP model of optimum usability is constructed. Fuzzy evaluation matrix is built via membership degrees, and the weights among apparent usability, perceived usability, and performing usability are set. The scores of samples are calculated and defuzzified, and the samples＇ usability is evaluated and ranked through mean and standard deviation. The results suggest that using the presented method, the problems of product usability can be found effectively, and product usability can be evaluated quantitatively.