赛罕乌拉国家级自然保护区红角鸮(Otus scops)的繁殖生态观察

Observation on Reproductive Ecology of Oriental Scops Owl (Otus scops) at Saihanwula National Nature Reserve

为了解红角鸮(Otus scops)的繁殖状态,2009年5～8月,在内蒙古赛罕乌拉国家级自然保护区,以直接观察法对红角鸮的繁殖生态进行了研究。结果表明,所观察的4个巢址全部是以柳树为主干的树洞巢,巢内铺垫物较少或无铺垫,巢距地面的平均高度为91.3cm,巢内径平均为13.5cm,巢外径平均为15.0cm,巢深平均32.0cm(n=4)。平均窝卵数为3.75,对其中一窝进行测量,4枚卵平均量度是28.9mm×24.6mm,重量9.5g。雏鸟孵出后,雌性亲鸟承担主要育雏任务,雄性亲鸟日间停歇于离巢不远的树上负责警戒工作,夜间与雌鸟共同哺育雏鸟。小型鼬科动物的捕食可能是干扰红角鸮繁殖成功率的主要因素。

To get more information on the livelihood of the oriental scops owl （Otus scops）, breeding ecology was studied at Saihanwula National Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia from May to August in 2009. The results showed that the four observed nests were tree-hole nests inside the willow trunk and there was almost no nest material. The nest sites were near the stream and the average height of the nests from the ground was about 91.3 cm. The average inner and outer diameters of the nests were 13. 5 cm and 15.0 cm, respectively, and the average nests depth was 32.0 cm （n=4）. The average clutch size was 3.75. The average size of eggs was 28.9 mm×24.6 mm and the average weight was 9.5 g. After the chicks have been hatched, the female birds bore the main tasks of brooding while the male birds mainly responsible for guarding the nest during the day in a tree nearby and helping the female feeding the hatchlings at night. Predation from small mustelids may be the main negative factor for successful breeding of the owl.