违规条件下儿童对他人情绪的理解与其外部行为问题

Children's Understanding of Emotions of Other Persons in Violation Situations and their External Behavioral Problems

采用Achenbach儿童行为问题量表和用设置故事情境的方法研究了5-7儿童对违规条件下他人情绪的理解与儿童外部行为问题的关系。结果表明,无论是道德规则故事条件下还是非道德规则故事条件下,外部行为问题较多组儿童比较少组儿童更少将负性情绪归于违规者。违规故事条件下,行为问题较多组,7岁儿童比5、6岁儿童更多地将负性情绪归于违规者,更多地做出避免消极后果的解释;行为问题较少组,6、7岁儿童比5岁儿童更多地将负性情绪归于违规者,更多地做出避免消极后果解释。道德规则故事条件下,外部行为问题较少组儿童比外部行为问题较多组儿童更多提供规则定位解释;非道德规则故事条件下,儿童的规则定位解释组别差异不显著。

By using the manual for the Child Behavior Checklist of Achenbach and by presenting stories, this research in- vestigated the relation between 5 - 7 years old chil- dren＇s understanding of emotions of other persons in violation situations and their external behavioral prob- lems. Results revealed that whether in moral rules story conditions or in non-moral story conditions, children with more behavioral problems attributed less negative emotions to offenders than those with less behavioral problems. In rule violation story conditions, 7-year-old children with more behavioral problems attributed more negative emotions and gave more avoiding negative con- sequence explanations to offenders than 5,6 years old children with more behavioral problems, and while 5- year-old children with less behavioral problems attribut- ed less negative emotions and gave less avoiding nega- tive consequence explanations to offenders than 7-year- old children with less behavioral problems.