明初云南四大诗人“平居陈郭”之“平”非平显考

A Study of "Ping"in "Ping,Ju,Chen,Guo",the Four Poets in Yunnan of Early Ming Dynasty

明初,云南府出现了四大诗人"平居陈郭"。然而"平居陈郭"之"平"究竟是平显还是其子平宣,明代文献记载语焉不详,清代就更含糊不清,即使同一作者此书称平宣,彼书称平显。后代更有甚者,竟然把其父子混而为一。从名望、影响、诗作数量看,似乎平显是当之无愧的,然考索其居滇时间则不然。实际上平宣也曾继任其父做了镇滇总兵官沐府西宾,居滇约40年。从其寓滇时间、交游等综合考查,基本可以坐实"平居陈郭"之"平"为平宣。

In Yunnan Fu of early Ming Dynasty lived four great poets, named“ Ping, Ju, Chen and Guo”. Whether Ping refers to Ping Xian or his son Ping Xuan was clearly recorded neither in Ming Dynasty documentation nor Qing Dynasty records. Judging from reputation, influence and works, Ping Xian would be the right poet. However, the time he lived in Dian （ or Yunnan Fu） shows the right poet should be Ping Xuan, who lived in Dian for 40 years when he succeeded his Father Ping Xian in his post.