平等的宪法解读

A Constitutional Interpretation on Equality

平等不是一项独立的公民基本权利,它主要是公民基本权利享有和行使的一项原则,但这并不否定平等的权利性质,平等权存在于各项权利之中,是各项权利之下的一项具体的权利内容。现代宪法的平等是形式平等与实质平等的统一,强调相同情况相同对待,不同情况不同对待,禁止不合理的差别待遇,但允许合理的差别。公民在法律面前一律平等,理应包括立法上的平等。宪法上的"平等"不同于一般法律上的"平等",它至少具有立法依据、审查依据和解释依据三种特别价值。

The equality is not an independent and a fundamental citizen right; it is a principle in exercising fundamental rights mainly but this does not deny the nature of equality in rights. The equal rights exist in other rights and they are the spe- cific contents under the other rights. The equality in modern constitution is the unity of substantial equality, emphasizing same treatment to same situations, different treatment to different situations, allowing reasonable discrimination. All citizens arc e- qual before the law, including legislative equality. ＂Equality＂ in constitution is different from ＂equality＂ in general laws, which has three kinds of special value： a legislative basis, a review basis and a interpretational basis.