论程婴之妻角色变迁的意义

On the Significance of Role Shift of Chengying's Wife

悲剧《赵氏孤儿》从故事的起源到纪君祥的元杂剧《赵氏孤儿大报仇》,到明代的《八义记》再到清代的皮黄戏,一直缺失程婴妻子的角色;而传到法国,经伏尔泰改编的《中国孤儿》则首次增加了依达姆这个重要女性角色;但在中国从清末京剧《搜孤救孤》才开始考虑到程婴妻子角色的重要性。这个现象在一定程度上反映了中西方妇女在伦理文化语境和女性意识觉醒方面的差异。

The role of Chengying＇ s wife are not given enough attention in the tragedy, The Orphan of Zhao opera, Ji Junxiang＇ s the Great Revenge of the Orphan of Zhao in Yuan Dynasty, the Eight Heroes in Ming Dynasty and Pihuang Opera in Qing Dynasty; while Idame, a heroine is firstly added by French writer, Voltaire, to his adaptation the Orphan of China. The importance of Chengying＇ s wife had not been realized in Chinese literature until the late Qing Dynasty, in a Peking opera, Seeking and Saving the orphan. This phenomenon, to some extent, reflects the discrepancies between Chinese and western females in terms of ethic cultural context and feminine consciousness awakening.