高层建筑外立面U型结构火蔓延特性数值模拟研究

Numerical simulation on the fire spread in high-rise buildings with U-shaped outside-facade structure

对高层建筑外立面U型结构竖直火蔓延特性影响进行了数值模拟研究,给出了火蔓延速度、热释放速率、火蔓延温度特性等参数。研究发现U型结构竖直火蔓延是一个加速燃烧的过程,当U型结构的结构因子α在0.4和1.6之间时,其火蔓延速度随着α的增加而增加,这是由于在燃烧过程中U型结构会产生烟囱效应,其强度随着U型结构结构因子的增大而增大,烟囱效应的增强加速了火蔓延过程。

In this paper, the fire spread in high-rise buildings with U-shaped outside-facade structure is simulated. The fire spread rate, heat release rate and flame temperature are presented. The results show that the U-shaped structure vertical fire spread of insulation material involves an acceleration process. The fire spread rate increases with the increasing structure factors of U-shaped structure, which is caused by the fact that the U-shaped structure induces the chimney effect in the burning process. Is is also found that the strength of the chimney effect increases with the increase of the structure factor.