新疆蛭石化学改性处理技术的研究

Investigate on Chemical Modification Technology of Xinjiang Vermiculite

采用酸处理和钠化改性相结合的方法,对新疆蛭石进行了结构修饰和改性,并选用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(HDTMAB)对改性前后的蛭石进行有机插层试验。实验结果表明:蛭石经乙二酸酸化及钠化处理后,可转变为钠型蛭石;采用HDTMAB对改性前后蛭石进行有机插层的结果表明,当HDTMAB用量大于5倍阳离子交换容量(CEC)时,改性蛭石层间以倾角较大的双层倾斜方式排列,且其层间距较相同条件下插层的蛭石原矿显著增大,甚至发生剥离。表明经过结构修饰的钠型蛭石更有利于蛭石矿物的有机插层。

Xinjiang vermiculite was modified by the combination methods of acid treatment and sodium ion exchange. Hexadecylt- rimethylammonium bromide （HDTMAB） was selected as the catalyst for the organic intercalation of modified vermiculites. The results showed that Na-modified vermiculites could be obtained after being treated by oxalate acid and sodium ion exchange. Furthermore, Na-modified vermiculites with larger interlayer spacing and even exfoliation could be obtained,when the amount of HDTMAB was more than 5 times of the cation exchange capacity （CEC）. Conclusion：Structure modification plays a significant role in the organic intercalation of vermiculite.