论《韩诗外传》的《诗》学性质及特点

The Characteristics and Nature of The Book of Songs' Study of The Unauthorized Biography of Han Poems

关于《韩诗外传》与《诗》学的关系,东汉班固、南宋陈振孙、明代王世贞均认为与解《诗》无关,特别是王世贞"大抵引《诗》以证事,而非引事以明《诗》"之语,影响很大。清代汪中更提出此书为"《荀卿子》之别子",对当代研究者亦有一定影响。但笔者经过仔细考察,并从经学史的视角加以观照,认为《韩诗外传》是一部说《诗》之作,且带有比较显著的今文经学通经致用的特点。此书注重阐释微言大义,力图起到积极的政治作用,同时也便于启发、教育学《诗》的经生,满足他们修身、议论的需要。

About the relationship between The Unauthorized Biography of Han Poem and the study of The Book of Songs, Ban Gu of Eastern Han Dynasty, Sun Zhenming o{ the Southern Song Dynasty and Wang Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty all believed that The Unauthorized Biography of Han Poems had nothing to do with the understanding the poems of The Book of Songs. Especially, the opinion raised by Wang Shizhen is that in The Unauthorized biography of Han Poems the author always quoted the poem in The Book of Songs to prove something instead of citing specific examples to analyze the meaning of the poems, which had wide influence. Wang Zhong＇s opinion that The Unauthorized biography of Han Poems had the inheritance with Xun Zi, also had some influence on the study of modern researchers. In this treatise, from the perspective of the Study of the history of classics studies to analyze The Unauthorized biography of Han Poems, I think that The Unauthorized biography of Han Poem is a work to interpret the meaning of The Book of Songs and it is well versed in Confucian classics with the outstanding feature of the Study of Confucian classics in current calligraphy. The Unauthorized biography of Han Poems aimed at analyzing the simple words which covered the deep meanings and had some positive impact on politics. At the same time, this book also could inspire and educate the classics scholars who study The Book of Songs, satisfying the need of argument and morality cultivation.