组合生态浮床的水体净化效果与作用机理探讨

Purification Efficiency and Mechanism of the Eutrophic Water by Combined Ecological Floating Bed

通过在美人蕉(Canna glauca)底部悬挂生物陶粒基质构建组合生态浮床,与仅有生物陶粒的基质组和空白组比较了对室内配制富营养化污水的净化效果,分析了各组水体中的微生物数量和活性,研究组合浮床中植物、基质和微生物对水体净化的贡献率及其相互间协同作用。结果表明,经过48d的运行,组合浮床对总氮、总磷和氨氮的去除率依次为64.03%、95.82%和96.43%,美人蕉对氮、磷的去除贡献率分别为36.03%、37.96%。组合浮床组水中的细菌总量、基质上附着的生物膜脱氢酶活性和耗氧速率均高于基质组,说明植物吸收不是组合浮床去除氮磷的主要机制,但植物对微生物的数量和活性有积极作用;组合浮床对水中污染物的去除存在着植物、基质及微生物之间的协同作用。与基质组和空白组相比,组合浮床可以有效提高对富营养化水体的净化效果。

A combined ecological floating bed （CEFB） was constructed by hanging the bio-ceramic matrix under the roots of canna. By comparing the purifying efficiency of the eutrophic wastewater by the CEFB with the matrix con- trol group and the blank group, and analysing the difference of the counts and activity of bacteria in each group, the removal contribution of the plant, the matrix and the microorganism, and the synergism between those three func- tions were studied. After 48 days, the removal efficiency of the CEFB on TN, TP and ammonia nitrogen were 64.03% ,95.82% and 96.43%, respectively. And the removal contribution of the canna on the nitrogen and the phosphorus were 36.03% and 37.96%, respectively. The microorganism quantity, the TTC dehydrogenase activity and the oxygen uptake rate in the CBFB system were relatively higher than the matrix control group. The results suggested that the plant absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus was not the main function of pollutant removal in the CBFB system. However, the plant have a positive effect on the microorganism, and there is a synergism among plant, bio-ceramic matrix and microorganism in CBFB system. Generally, the nutrient removal efficiency in eu- trophic water could be improved by CBFB, compare to the matrix control and blank group.