《庄子·天下篇》的哲学解读

The Philosophical Interpretation of Zhuangzi's Tianxia

《天下》篇是现存《庄子》三十三篇中很重要的一篇,其对当时的主要学派思想有着清晰概括及刻画,在本篇中,庄子从"道术"流变为"方术"的角度,对各家学派都作了评述。无论是将其置于整个庄子思想体系、还是将其置于整个先秦学术思想流变的大背景之下考察,该篇都具有极其重要的学术史价值及意义。本文试从"道术"与"方术"的关系及庄子评述百家之学两方面对该篇作一个简要的梳理,以期更好的理解庄子思想及各家思想。

In the existing copies of the Zhuangzi, the final of the 33 passages, Tianxia, seen as one of the most important passages, clearly summarises and portrays the main schools of thought in the late Warring state period. In this passage, these schools of thought are considered from the perspectives of Daoshu and gangshu. No matter whether viewed as part of the Zhuangzi school of thought or assesscd in the broader context of the Pre-Qin schools of thought, this passage contains invaluable historical insights into the academic schools of the period. This ,article will analyse the Tianxia from the perspective of the relationship between Daoshu and Fangshu and the assessment of the Pre-Qin ＇hundred schools of thought＇. This article will allow us to reach a greater understanding of the ideology of both the Zhuang＇zi and the other Pre-Qin schools of thought.