贵州省日最高气温气候特征分析

Climate character analyses of the daily maximum temperature in Guizhou Province

该文利用贵州省68站1961年1月1日到2009年12月31日共49年逐日日最高气温资料,统计分析了贵州各站点日最高气温的夏季平均值和日最高气温>30℃天数的时间、空间特征,以及两日内最高气温变幅≥8℃的频次的时间和空间分布状况。结果表明:①贵州日最高气温夏季平均值大多<32℃。最热时段在省的东部和南部有2个峰值,7月中下旬最热,8月中旬次之,东北部和南部边缘该时段每旬有8-9 d日最高气温>30℃,但其中海拔较高的站点该日数较少;②西部最热时段仅有一个峰值,在7月下旬到8月上旬,省中西部盛夏每旬>30℃日数最多达到2 d,仅盘县、镇宁有时达到3 d;③两日内最高气温变幅>8℃的频数,以毕节、六盘水地区最多,持续时间最长,从当年11月持续到次年4月均有显著变温,遵义铜仁地区频次最低,出现时段最短,仅在3、4月份出现,每月不到1次的8℃以上的变温。

Using the 68 stations daily highest temperature data in Guizhou province from January 1, 1961 to Decem- ber 31,2009, statistic analysis each station highest temperature characteristics, including summer mean and higher than 30℃ days time, as well as the frequency and space distribution of the change that equal or greater than 8℃ in two days. The results show ： first, summer average of daily highest temperature almost less than 32 ℃ in all sta- tions. There were two peaks in south and east of province that＇ s in middle -late July and the middle of August ; But in northeast and south edge of province there were only 8 - 9 days higher than 30℃ during the same time. The second ： in middle - west of the province , the only peak of highest temperature appeared in late July to early Au- gust, at the same time , Overtop 30℃ days reach to two days, only Pan county and Zhenning county sometimes to there days. The third： It＇ s in Bijie, Liupanshui region that the highest frequency and longest time for two days dai- ly highest temperature change bigger than 8℃, and appearing from November to next year April. But in Zunyi and Tongren area, It is minimum of all province that only appear in March or April and less than once a month .