公路超载的理论分析与治理措施的探讨

A Survey on Overload Transportation of Highway and Its Counter-Measures

公路超载超限,是多年来我国公路运输中的顽症,不仅长期威胁着公路运输安全,而且也极大地降低了我国公路的使用年限。近10年来,国家有关部门治理公路超载几乎没有停止,但始终屡禁不止。其实,从经济学的角度可以给出公路超载"合理"的解释。通过改变外部环境降低货运成本;依靠科技手段以低成本加强监管;设法让货运经营者在不超载的情况下能够获得社会平均利润,这或许是治理与最终解决公路超载问题的关键。

The problem of highway overload has not only threatened the security of highway transportation over a long period of time, but also severely reduced the service life of highways in our country. In the past decade, the government departments concerned have almost never stopped their endeavors to eradicate the problem of overload, but with little fruitful result. The economic perspective may provide a ＂justifiable＂ explanation. Perhaps the key to solve and tinily eradicate the problem of highway overload is to change the external environment to reduce the freight cost, to adopt technological methods to strengthen supervision at a lower cost, and to ensure the freight operators an average social profit without committing highway overload.