土壤水势控制在农业灌溉应用中的研究进展

Advance of Research on Application of Soil Water Potential(SWP) in Irrigation Scheduling

土壤水势控制在灌溉水资源高效利用以及精确灌溉控制系统等领域发挥着重要的作用,从土壤水势控制灌溉技术在节水灌溉、水土资源化利用和精确灌溉自动化系统中的应用等方面总结了国内外基于水势控制灌溉技术应用的研究进展。根据不同水势控制灌溉下的作物生理指标制定相应的土壤水势范围控制灌溉,一方面可以用于节水灌溉,获得较高的作物产量、质量和灌溉水利用效率;另一方面可以快速高效的制定咸水和盐碱土资源化利用中作物的灌溉制度;而土壤水势与作物需水的密切关系、土壤水势传感器的精确响应和传输则为精准灌溉提供了理论与技术支持。最后指出土壤水势控制应用与发展所面临的问题并展望了未来的发展方向。

Soil water potential （SWP）, which played an important role in water soil elI lelent resourceuzarlon anu irrigatorS; clup y and quantificationally, is indispensable to the study of irrigation agriculture. Relevant researches and development of thi.s.techni.que are summarized in this paper, including its utilization for water-saving irrigation, water and soil resourcelization and premslon irriga- tion with auto system. Higher yield, quantity and water use efficiency of crop can be achieved while irrigated according to SWP; the range of SWP potential apt to plant can be selected by experiments and irrigation scheme can he made quickly and accurately for rea- sonable exploitation and sustainable utilization of saline water and saline-sodic soil; besides, the relationship between SWP and crop water requirement, as well as the precision corresponding and transfers of soil matric sensor, provide theory and technique support for precision irrigation. And at the end of paper, problems of SWP utilization and expectations for future application are discussed.