离子液体毒性及对环境影响研究进展

Research advance in toxicology and environmental impact of ionic liquids

离子液体具有良好的理化性质,被认为是传统挥发性有机溶剂的绿色替代品。随着离子液体在各领域的广泛应用,研究离子液体毒性以及对环境的影响显得尤为重要。归纳总结了国内外有关离子液体对生物个体、组织器官和靶分子的毒性以及离子液体在环境中的降解和吸收的最新研究进展,分析了影响离子液体毒性的主要因素(离子液体的结构、受试物种的不同及外界环境的影响)和离子液体毒性作用机理,为无害性、环境友好性及低毒性离子液体的设计、合成和应用提供合理的建议。

Ionic liquids possess good physical and chemical properties which are being considered as green replacements for industrial volatile organic compounds. With a wide range of applications of ionic liquids, it is important to assess the toxicity of ionic liquids and the impact on the environment. This paper summarized the newest information about ionic liquids＇ toxicity on individual organisms, tissues and organs and target molecules, as well as the degradability and adsorption of ionic liquids in the environment. The main factors that influence the toxicity of ionic liquids and the toxic mechanism of ionic liquids were analyzed. We hope that this paper would provide a good recommendation for the design, synthesis and application of harmless, environmental-friendliness and low toxic ionic liquids