胎儿微嵌合体对母体的影响

Influence of Fetal Microchimerism on the Maternal Body

胎儿微嵌合体广泛存在于妊娠妇女体内,尽管胎儿微嵌合体形成的具体机制尚不明确,但是近年来各国学者在胎儿微嵌合体对母体的影响方面做了大量研究,发现胎儿微嵌合体的异常可能与子痫前期等妊娠并发症及不良妊娠结局有关。自身免疫性疾病易发生于育龄妇女且易在妊娠期恶化,胎儿微嵌合体可能参与自身免疫性疾病的发生发展过程。因胎儿微嵌合体携带母亲所不具有的等位基因,使其对抗母体肿瘤方面发挥保护性作用。此外,胎儿微嵌合体可能参与组织损伤后的修复过程。

Fetal microchimerism （FMC）resides widely in woman＇s body during pregnancy. Although the exact mechanism of FMC is not clear,in recent years several studies have been made which illustrate the influences of FMC on the maternal body.The abnormality of FMC may be related with complications of pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcome,such as preeclampsia. FMC are also implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases which usually occur to women and ameliorate during pregnancy. It has also been proposed that genetically disparate FMC may protect mother from some cancers, because it can offer new alleles for mother. FMC are often found at sites of maternal injury and may play an active role in regeneration of tissue injury. This article will summarize the influence of FMC on the maternal body.