环境侵权损害社会化救济方式的比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Environmental Tort Damages Social Systems

环境侵权损害的救济必须采取多种救济制度相结合且互相协调的方式,采取任何单一制度都有失偏颇且难以为继。环境侵权损害社会化救济制度由环境责任保险、提存金、互助基金、政府救助基金等组成,并分别适用不同的情形,从而形成对受害人全方位的救济。在我国,环境责任保险制度仍是我们设计环境侵权损害社会化救济制度的主要选择。同时,还应采取"行业性企业互助基金"与"综合性政府救助基金"相结合的较完整的基金制度,从而实现环境风险的社会化分散和受害者权益的及时救济。

Environmental tort damage remedies must take a combination of various relief systems and a variety of co-ordinated ways.Taking any single system will be biased and difficult to sustain.Environmental tort damages social systems consist of environmental liability insurance,escrow payments,mutual funds,public compensation fund etc,and are subject to different conditions,to form a full range of remedies for victims.In China,environmental liability insurance system is still the main choice when we design our environment tort damages social systems.Meanwhile,we must adopt a more complete fund system which is combined by ’industry-specific mutual fund’and ’comprehensive public compensation fund’,in order to achieve the social fragmentation to environmental risks and the timely relief to the rights of victims.