冶金专业冶金原理课程“三元系相图”教学探讨

The Teaching Discussion of Ternary Phase Diagram on the Course of "Metallurgical Principle"

相图是物理化学研究的核心内容之一,在冶金过程中应用非常广泛,是冶金原理最重要的基础内容之一。和活度一样,它也是冶金原理教学的重点和难点。本文针对教学过程中学生普遍反映的空间想象困难、相图解读模糊、结晶过程分析混乱等问题,从三元相图基础-浓度三角形基本规则及相图平面化过程→结晶过程分析基本步骤→典型的三元相图及其在冶金中的初步应用等几个方面,对教学过程中应当注意的问题进行了分析和探讨。为了提高教学效果,适当的多媒体教学有利于学生直观了解相图的相关分析过程,而实例分析则可加深学生对相图的认识和重视相图的学习,从而培养和提高分析问题及解决问题的能力。

Phase diagram is one of the major research fields for physical chemistry, which has wide appli- cation in metallurgical process. It is the difficult part in teaching as well as learning, yet it is the key of the subject. Aiming at the problems of the difficulty in space imagination, phase diagram analysis and crystallization process description reported by the university students, some aspects that is worth empha- sizing are discussed on the ways of ternary phase diagram fundamental, basic rules of composition trian- gle, complanation process of 3--dimensional phase diagram, basic methods and steps of crystallization process analysis and primary application of the typical ternary phase diagrams in ferrous metallurgy. In order to enhance teaching effect, multimedia teaching has advantages in understanding phase diagram clearly and directly. At the same time, example teaching can also improve the students＇ interest in phase diagram study.