骨科手术后并发下肢深静脉血栓的预防及护理

Nursing and Prevention of Deep Vein Thrombosis of Lower Extremities after Bone Surgery

目的:探讨预防和护理措施对骨科手术后深静脉血栓(DVT)发生、发展的影响。方法:回顾性总结骨科手术后深静脉血栓2 987例患者的预防观察和护理措施,主要包括对患者的术前评估、术后饮食、心理、体位、功能锻炼及发生DVT的病情观察和临床护理。结果:2 987例骨科手术患者中2 960例未发生DVT,27例不同程度并发DVT,其中21例治愈出院,3例好转出院,2例转科治疗,1例因并发急性肺栓塞死亡。结论:科学合理的预防和护理可有效防治DVT的发生,促进机体康复,提高生活质量。

Objective： To verify the effects of prevention and nursing measures on the onset and development of deep vein thrombosis （DVT） of lower extremities after bone surgery. Method： The prevention and nursing measures given to 2987 patients were retrospectively summarized, which mainly contained preoperative assessment, postoperative diet, psychology, position and functional exercise as well as the observation and clinical observation on the onset of DVT. Result： Among 2 987 patients, 2 960 cases did not manifest DVT, 27 cases were complicated with DVT in different degrees and 21 cases were recovered and discharged, three cases were effective, two cases were transferred to another department, one case died due to acute pulmonary embolism. Conclusion： Scientific and reasonable prevention and nursing can effectively prevent the onset of DVT, promote the rehabilitation of body and improve life quality.