惠州市主要医疗机构败血症病原菌分布及耐药谱调查

Survey on distribution and drug-resistance of pathogens isolated from septicemia in main medical institutions of Huizhou city

目的了解惠州市主要医疗机构败血症病原菌的分布及对常用抗菌药物的耐药情况,为临床及时诊治败血症、正确选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对惠州市主要医疗机构2011年8月至2012年8月送检的血培养标本进行回顾性统计分析。结果从8 674份血培养标本中分离病原菌1 040株,阳性率为12.0%,分离病原菌前5位分别为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、肠球菌属、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌,大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)发生率分别为36.6%和30.9%。结论败血症病原菌种类复杂,耐药率高,临床医师应加强疑似败血症患者血液中病原菌的检测,合理选用抗菌药物,以利于疾病的诊断、治疗。

Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogens in septicemia and their drug -resistance to commonly used antibacterials in main medical institutions of Huizhou city to provide the basis for clinical timely diag-- nosis and treatment of septicemia and correct use of antibiotics. Methods A retrospective statistical analysis was per formed on the clinical blood culture specimens in main medical institutions from August 2011 to August 2012. Results 1 040 pathogenic bacterial strains were isolated from 8 674 blood culture specimens,the positive rate was 12.0%. The top five pathogens were coagulase-negative staphylococcus, Enterococci, Escherichia coli（Eco）, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae（Kpn）. The incidence rates of Eco and Kpn extended-spectrum β-qactamases （ES- BLs） were 36.6% and 30.9% respectively. Conclusion The types of septicemia pathogens are complex with high drug-resistance rate. Clinical doctors should strengthen monitoring of blood pathogens in the patients with suspected septicemia,rationally use antibiotics in order to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of disease.